Cannabis possession limits in 2025 are set by state law, so the legal amount depends on where you are and whether you hold a medical card. Most adult-use states allow about 1 ounce (28.3 grams) of flower in public, medical programs typically permit a 30 to 90 day supply, and home grow caps run from 2 to 12 plants. No possession amount is legal under federal law because cannabis remains a Schedule I drug, while hemp-derived CBD at or below 0.3% THC is legal nationwide.
cannabis possession limits 2025
What is the federal cannabis possession limit in 2025?
There is no federal possession limit that makes cannabis legal. The plant stays on Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, so possession on federal land, in national parks, at federal airports, and in interstate commerce is a federal offense even when the state allows it.
Carrying cannabis across state lines is illegal under federal law, including travel between two legal states. Hemp and CBD products are regulated separately under the 2018 Farm Bill.
cannabis possession limits for medical patients
How much cannabis can adults possess in legal states?
Adult-use caps cluster near 1 ounce of flower, with several states setting higher limits or separate caps for home storage. These examples show the spread:
cannabis possession limits grams
- California: 28.5 grams of flower and 8 grams of concentrate
- Colorado: 2 ounces of flower, or 8 grams of concentrate, or 800 mg of edible THC
- Illinois: 30 grams of flower and 500 mg of total edible THC
- Michigan: 2.5 ounces in public and 10 ounces at home
- New York: 3 ounces of flower and 24 grams of concentrate
- Oregon: 1 ounce in public and 8 ounces at home
- Massachusetts: 1 ounce outside the home and 10 ounces at home
- Washington: 1 ounce of flower and 7 grams of concentrate
Numbers change when a legislature acts, and a few states cap the amount per transaction rather than the amount you may own. Confirm the current figure with your state cannabis regulator before you rely on it.
Do medical cannabis patients have higher possession limits?
Yes. Medical programs usually define possession as a supply period rather than a single weight, so cardholders can often carry more than adult-use buyers.
Florida ties smokable cannabis to a 35 day supply, while Pennsylvania and New York use 30 day supplies and several states, including Minnesota, use a 90 day supply. Some states also let patients grow more plants than recreational users may.
How do edibles and concentrates count toward the limit?
Most legal states count concentrates and edibles separately from flower, often through a THC equivalent formula. A state that allows 1 ounce of flower may also allow 8 grams of concentrate and 800 mg of edible THC at the same time.
Retail edible packages are usually capped at 100 mg of THC with 10 mg servings. Those package rules apply even when your overall possession allowance is higher.
Can you possess or use cannabis in public?
A possession limit does not create a right to consume in public. Open container rules, park bans, and vehicle rules apply in nearly every legal state, and public consumption is typically a civil infraction or misdemeanor.
Keep cannabis in a sealed, labeled package while driving and out of the driver's reach. Impaired driving is illegal everywhere, and some states apply a per se THC blood limit.
Where does CBD fit into possession limits?
Hemp-derived CBD is federally legal when the product contains no more than 0.3% THC on a dry weight basis. That threshold comes from the 2018 Farm Bill and applies to hemp, not to marijuana-derived products.
State rules still vary. Some states set their own THC caps on CBD products, restrict certain hemp extracts, or require lab testing and labeling. A certificate of analysis from an accredited lab is the practical way to confirm a product stays inside the hemp definition.
What happens if you exceed the possession limit?
Small overages are often charged as a civil infraction or a low level misdemeanor. Amounts well above the cap can be charged as possession with intent to distribute, and federal penalties escalate with weight and prior offenses.
This guide is general information, not legal advice. State limits, plant counts, and penalty tiers change often, so verify the current rule with your state cannabis agency or a licensed attorney.